MECHATRONICS FUTURE

I think mechatronics generally begins with mechanical design. That’s just my perspective, it may differ in your experience. If its a power window in a car, a hard disk drive platter machine, a blender, an amusement park ride or display, a surgical robot, whatever. They all start with mechanical design, performance goals and boundary conditions that are required for the mechanical system to be useful. This is why there needs to be great emphasis on the design of software tools that are extensions to the 2D and 3D CAD products that are currently available. Obviously, if you are engaged in mechanical design, you are in a unique position to the final outcome of the design project. The mechanical design work sets the boundary conditions of what is possible. If the design is all steel and heavy components, then the speed and throughput of the design will be limited. But the same design work in aluminum will be 1/3 the weight and it will be possible to increase speed and acceleration at the same time as cost for the motor drive will be reduced. Seems counterintuitive, but it works. But the it doesn’t end with mechanical design and that’s where we all get tied up. Is there a definable process for doing this kind of design work? There are some commonalities in the machinery building community, but there are wide variations at the same time. So for software companies, it gets harder to go to the next level to create value for their customers. The design process is iterative. So there’s a clue. What can we do to speed up the design process and improve the outcomes? Simulation. Take the output of the designed components and apply animation rules to the 3D solids which are very well characterized in the software. By using computer technology to dynamically simulate the behavior of the design before its built. Just like the prototyping process, you can find out a lot of really useful information while the simulation is running, early in the design cycle and without the cost of building and exercising prototypes. Mind-blowing! You can do “What-if” all day at low cost and in very little time. So this is clearly the way to go. And engineering software companies are currently engaged in process of creating these products. But the fun is only just beginning. What happens when the products we create have to be manufactured? There are a number of complex issues in the manufacturing and product documentation realm that become very complex without software tools to help with the tasking. New software products are being created to help integrate wire harness integration in automotive assemblies. Circuit boards can be modeled ast 3D solid objects for the purpose of integration with packaging.

TYPES OF ROBOTS

Robots can be found in the manufacturing industry, the military, space exploration, transportation, and medical applications. Below are just some of the uses for robots.
Robots on Earth
Typical industrial robots do jobs that are difficult, dangerous or dull. They lift heavy objects, paint, handle chemicals, and perform assembly work. They perform the same job hour after hour, day after day with precision. They don't get tired and they don't make errors associated with fatigue and so are ideally suited to performing repetitive tasks. The major categories of industrial robots by mechanical structure are:
Cartesian robot /Gantry robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations, handling machine tools and arc welding. It's a robot whose arm has three prismatic joints, whose axes are coincident with a Cartesian coordinator.
Cylindrical robot: Used for assembly operations, handling at machine tools, spot welding, and handling at diecasting machines. It's a robot whose axes form a cylindrical coordinate system.
Spherical/Polar robot: Used for handling at machine tools, spot welding, diecasting, fettling machines, gas welding and arc welding. It's a robot whose axes form a polar coordinate system.
SCARA robot: Used for pick and place work, application of sealant, assembly operations and handling machine tools. It's a robot which has two parallel rotary joints to provide compliance in a plane.
Articulated robot: Used for assembly operations, diecasting, fettling machines, gas welding, arc welding and spray painting. It's a robot whose arm has at least three rotary joints.
Parallel robot: One use is a mobile platform handling cockpit flight simulators. It's a robot whose arms have concurrent prismatic or rotary joints.
Industrial robots are found in a variety of locations including the automobile and manufacturing industries. Robots cut and shape fabricated parts, assemble machinery and inspect manufactured parts. Some types of jobs robots do: load bricks, die cast, drill, fasten, forge, make glass, grind, heat treat, load/unload machines, machine parts, handle parts, measure, monitor radiation, run nuts, sort parts, clean parts, profile objects, perform quality control, rivet, sand blast, change tools and weld.

Outside the manufacturing world robots perform other important jobs. They can be found in hazardous duty service, CAD/CAM design and prototyping, maintenance jobs, fighting fires, medical applications, military warfare and on the farm.

Farmers drive over a billion slooooww tractor miles every year on the same ground. Their land is generally gentle, and proven robot navigation techniques can be applied to this environment. A robot agricultural harvester named Demeter is a model for commercializing mobile robotics technology. The Demeter harvester contains controllers, positioners, safeguards, and task software specialized to the needs commercial agriculture.

Some robots are used to investigate hazardous and dangerous environments. The Pioneer robot is a remote reconnaissance system for structural analysis of the Chornobyl Unit 4 reactor building. Its major components are a teleoperated mobile robot for deploying sensor and sampling payloads, a mapper for creating photorealistic 3D models of the building interior, a coreborer for cutting and retrieving samples of structural materials, and a suite of radiation and other environmental sensors.

An eight-legged, tethered, robot named Dante II descended into the active crater of Mt. Spurr, an Alaskan volcano 90 miles west of Anchorage. Dante II's mission was to rappel and walk autonomously over rough terrain in a harsh environment; receive instructions from remote operators; demonstrate sophisticated communications and control software; and determine how much carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide exist in the steamy gas emanating from fumaroles in the crater. Via satellite, Dante II sent back visual information and other data, as well as received instruction from human operators at control stations in Anchorage, Washington D.C., and the NASA Ames Research Center near San Francisco. Dante II saves volcanologists from having to enter the craters of active volcanoes. It also demonstrates the technology necessary for a robot to explore the surface of the moon or planets. That is, the robot must be able to walk on rough terrain in a harsh environment, receive instructions from remote operators about where to go next, and reach those commanded goals autonomously.

Robotic underwater rovers are used explore and gather information about many facets of our marine environment. One example of underwater exploration is Project Jeremy, a collaboration between NASA and Santa Clara University. Scientists sent an underwater telepresence remotely operated vehicle (TROV) into the freezing Arctic Ocean waters to investigate the remains of a whaling fleet lost in 1871. The TROV was tethered to the surface boat Polar Star by a cable that carried power and instructions down to the robot and the robot returned video images up to the Polar Star. The TROV located two ships which it documented using stereoscopic video cameras and control mechanisms like the ones on the Mars Pathfinder. In addition to pictures, the TROV can also collect artifacts and gather information about the water conditions. By learning how to study extreme environments on earth, scientists will be better prepared to study environments on other planets.


Robots in Space
Space-based robotic technology at NASA falls within three specific mission areas: exploration robotics, science payload maintenance, and on-orbit servicing. Related elements are terrestrial/commercial applications which transfer technologies generated from space telerobotics to the commercial sector and component technology which encompasses the development of joint designs, muscle wire, exoskeletons and sensor technology.
Today, two important devices exist which are proven space robots. One is the Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) and the other is the Remote Manipulator System (RMS). An ROV can be an unmanned spacecraft that remains in flight, a lander that makes contact with an extraterrestrial body and operates from a stationary position, or a rover that can move over terrain once it has landed. It is difficult to say exactly when early spacecraft evolved from simple automatons to robot explorers or ROVs. Even the earliest and simplest spacecraft operated with some preprogrammed functions monitored closely from Earth. One of the best known ROV's is the Sojourner rover that was deployed by the Mars Pathfinder spacecraft. Several NASA centers are involved in developing planetary explorers and space-based robots.

The most common type of existing robotic device is the robot arm often used in industry and manufacturing. The mechanical arm recreates many of the movements of the human arm, having not only side-to-side and up-and-down motion, but also a full 360-degree circular motion at the wrist, which humans do not have. Robot arms are of two types. One is computer-operated and programmed for a specific function. The other requires a human to actually control the strength and movement of the arm to perform the task. To date, the NASA Remote Manipulator System (RMS) robot arm has performed a number of tasks on many space missions-serving as a grappler, a remote assembly device, and also as a positioning and anchoring device for astronauts working in space

HAPTIC ROBOTS

The main purpose of this project is to design and build a functional mechatronics system that consists of a chair that responds to a simulated change in the environment, by rotating about one axis.

Our chair is a possible method used to communicate using haptics to a vehicle’s driver. Currently drivers use two senses to detect hazards on the road; hearing and sight. When implemented fully, our project would allow drivers to detect hazards on the road using their sense of touch as well. For this prototype we focused on the forward and backward movement of the driver's chair to simulate how the chair would react to obstacles and driving conditions.
FOR MORE INFORMATION CLICK ON THAT
http://www.mech.northwestern.edu/hartmann/ME333Files/ME333_FinalWebsites/HapticChair/ME333/index.htm

SUMMARY:
Our project consists of a chair and the actuation of the chair. We focused only on one degree of actuation for this project, the motion of tilting the chair forward and backwards. The chair was modified to allow free movement back and forward, and is able to support up to 200 lbs of weight when static. Despite the free range of motion allowed by the chair, we limited our range of motion of -15 degrees to +15 degrees to ensure the person feels secure. To accomplish this actuation, we implemented a system that will rotate the chair about a support rod positioned at the base of the chair. The chair was moved by a Maxon Motor, which required a something amp and a 12V/10Amp power pack. The motion of the chair was monitored and controlled by an encoder attached to the motor as well an additional encoder used to simulate position or velocity of the vehicle. In addition, we sensed if the chair is near the end of the range of motion with the use of microswitches. With these two sensor systems, we are able to pinpoint the chair position, and ensure the safety of the occupant.

LIST OF Accredited Engineering Qualifications Granted by Engineering Universities/Institutions in Pakistan)

ISLAMABAD
Air University, Islamabad
Bachelor of Electronics Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall 2002 only).
Bachelor of Electrical Engineering (Electronic or Telecommunication) From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto 2004.
Bachelor of Mechatronics Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall-2003 only).
Bahria Institute of Management & Computer Sciences, Islamabad Campus (Bahria University, Islamabad)
Bachelor of Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2001 upto 2005, excluding of Batch-2003 which was not inducted by the university).
Bachelor of Software Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch Fall-2002).
Centre of Advanced Study in Engineering (CASE) Islamabad (UET, Taxila)
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (with specializations in Computer or Telecommunication)- Intake of Batch 2004 only.
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad Campus (COMSATS Institute Of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad)
B.Sc. Electrical (Telecommunication) Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2002 to Fall-2003 only).
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (w.e.f. the Intake Year 1999 subject to review in 2004).
Institute of Space Technology (IST) Islamabad
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Communication Systems Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2002 upto Fall-2004).
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Aerospace Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2002 upto Fall-2006).
International Islamic University, Islamabad.
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Electronic Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto Fall-2004).
Islamic International Engineering College, Islamabad (Riphah International University, Islamabad)
B.Sc Electrical (Communication) Engineering - (From Intake of Batch 1999 upto Fall-2003).
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (Communication) - Intake Year 1999 to Intake Year 2002 (Formerly Islamic International Engineering College (UET Taxila), Rawalpindi).
Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad Campus (Muhammad Ali Jinnah University, Karachi)
B.Sc. Electronic Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2002 upto Fall-2003).
National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad.
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Telecommunication Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto Fall-2004).
NUST Institute of Information Technology (NIIT), Rawalpindi (NUST Islamabad)
Bachelor of Information & Communication Systems Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall-2003 only).
Bachelor of Engineering (Electronic Engineering) (Intake of Batch Fall-2004 only).
PUNJAB
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Lahore Campus (COMSATS Institute of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad)
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch Spring 2002 to Fall 2002).
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Wah Campus (COMSATS Institute Of Information Technology (CIIT), Islamabad).
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2001 upto Fall-2003).
College of Agriculture, Multan ( href="http://www.bzu.edu.pk/">Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan)
B.Sc. Agricultural Engineering (Intake of Batch 2004 only).
College of Electrical & Mechanical Engineering, Rawalpindi Campus (National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad)
B.E. (Electrical and Mechanical) From Intake of Batch 1993 to 2005.
B.E. Computer (From Intake of Batch 1996 to 2005).
B.E. Mechatronics (From Intake of Batch 1998 to 2005).
Institute of Quality and Technology Management, Lahore (The University of Punjab, Lahore)
B.Sc. Industrial Engineering & Management (Intake of Batch 2004 only).
Foundation University, Rawalpindi Campus (Foundation University Islamabad)
B.Sc. Software Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 to 2003).
Institute of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Lahore (University of the Punjab, Lahore) (Quaid-e-Azam Campus)
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2003 only).
B.Sc. Metallurgy & Materials Science (Upto Intake of Batch 2003 only).
M.Sc. Tech upto 1968 thereafter B.Sc. Engg (Chemical, Mining, Metallurgical Engineering).
Military College of Signals, Rawalpindi Campus (National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad)
B.E. Electrical (Communication) From Intake of Batch 1993 to 2005.
B.E. Computer Software (From Intake of Batch 1996 to 2003).
National Textile University, Faisalabad (Former National College of Textile Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore)
B.Sc. Textile Engineering. Re-accreditation is under process.
National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad (Lahore Campus)
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall-2003 only).
B.Sc. Telecommunication Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall-2003 only).
NFC Institute of Engineering & Fertilizer Research, Faisalabad (University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore)
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering, (Morning) From Intake of Batch 1998 upto 2003.
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004).
NFC Institute of Engineering and Technological Training, Multan (Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan)
B.Sc. Computer System Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 to 2003).
B.Sc. Electronic Engineering (From Intake of batch 2001 to 2003).
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
The University of Central Punjab, Lahore
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto Fall-2004).
The University of Lahore
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall 2003 to Fall 2005).
University College of Engineering and Technology, Multan (Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan)
B.Sc. Civil Engineering (From Intake of Batch 1994 upto 2003).
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From Intake of Batch 1997 upto 2003).
University College of Textile Engineering (BZU, Multan)
B.Sc. Textile Engineering (Intake Batch 2004 only).
University College of Engineering and Technology, Bahawalpur (The Islamia University of Bahawalpur)
B.Sc. Electronic Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004).
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
B.Sc. Agricultural Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila Campus (University of Engineering and Technology, Taxila)
B.Sc. Engineering (Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical) - Upto Intake of Batch 2006.
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 upto 2004).
B.Sc. Software Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2005).
University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004).
B.Sc. Building & Architectural Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2003 only).
B.Sc. Petroleum & Gas Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
B.Sc. Geological Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 upto 2003).
B. Sc. Architectural Engineering (Intake of Batch 2002 only).
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering (Polymer) From Intake of Batch 2002 upto 2004.
B.Sc. Engineering (Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Mining, and Metallurgical & Materials) - Upto Intake of Batch 2005.
B.Sc. Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering (From Intake of Batch 1999 upto 2005).
B.Sc. Mechatronics & Control Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2005).
B.Sc. Transportation Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2002 upto 2003).
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering.
NWFP
CECOS University of Information Technology and Emerging Sciences, Peshawar
B.Sc. Civil Engineering Re-accredited for one year for entry year 2003.
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering Re-accredited for one year for entry year 2003.
B.Sc. Civil Engineering. Intake Year 1997. The Petitioners of W.P No. 119/04.
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering. Intake Year 1997. The Petitioners of W.P No. 119/04.
College of Aeronautical Engineering, Risalpur Campus (National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad)
B.E. (Aerospace and Avionics) Upto Intake of Batch 2005.
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology Abbottabad Campus (COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad)
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall 2001 to Fall 2005).
B.Sc. Electronics Engineering (Intake of Batch Fall 2003 only).
Gandhara Institute of Science & Technology, PGS Engineering College (NWFP University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar)
B.Sc. Civil Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 to 2003).
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 upto 2002).
Ghulam Ishaque Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi - Swabi
B.Sc. Mechanical Engineering (Upto Intake Year 2004).
B.Sc. Electronic Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2003).
B.Sc. Engineering (Metallurgy & Materials, and Computer Systems)(From Intake of Batch 1993 to 2005).
B.Sc. Computer Software Engineering (Intake of Batch 2003 only).
B.Sc. Engineering Sciences (with majors in Modelling, and Simulation, or laser & Opto Electronics and Semi - Conductors and Super Conducting Devices).
Military College of Engineering, Risalpur Campus (href="http://www.nust.edu.pk/">National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad)
B.E. Civil.
National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad (Peshawar Campus)
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Telecommunication Engineering (From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto Fall-2004).
NWFP University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar Campus (NWFP University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar)
B.Sc. Chemical Engineering (From Intake of Batch 1995 upto 2005).
B.Sc. Civil Engineering (Upto Intake Year 2004).
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
B.Sc. Computer Information Systems Engineering (from Intake Year 1999 to 2000).
B.Sc. Computer System Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2001 upto 2004).
B.Sc. Agricultural Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
B.Sc. Mining Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
B.Sc. Mechanical Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2005).
N.W.F.P. University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar (Mardan Campus)
B.Sc. Telecommunication Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2002 upto Fall-2004).
B.Sc. Computer Software Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto Fall-2004).
N.W.F.P. University of Engineering and Technology, Peshawar (Bannu Campus)
B.Sc. Engineering (Civil, and Electrical ) - From Intake of Batch 2002 upto 2004.
Peshawar College of Engineering, Peshawar (NWFP University of Engineering & Technology, Peshawar)
B.Sc. Computer Systems Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004).
B.Sc. Electrical Engineering (From Intake of Batch 1999 upto 2002).
SINDH
Bahria Institute of Management & Computer Sciences Karachi Campus (Bahria Institute of Management & Computer Sciences, Islamabad)
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (Accredited for Three Years for Intake Years Spring 2001 upto Fall 2003).
B.Sc. Software Engineering (Accredited for Three Years for Intake Years Fall 2000 upto Fall 2002).
Dawood College of Engineering and Technology, Karachi Campus (Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro)
B.E. Industrial & Management (Intake of Batch 2005 only).
B.E. Electronic (From intake of batch year 2000, including 1996-97 batch in which 1995-96 batch was merged, upto intake of batch 2004).
B.E. Chemical (From intake of batch year 2000, including 1996-97 batch in which 1995-96 batch was merged, upto intake of batch 2004).
B.E. Metallurgical (From Intake of Batch year-2000, including 1996-97 batch in which 1995-96 batch was merged, and intake of batch 2004 only).
Hamdard Institute of Information Technology (HIIT) Karachi (Hamdard University, Karachi)
B.E. Telecommunication (Intake of Batch 2004 only).
B.E. Computer System (From Intake of Batch Fall-2000 upto 2004).
B.E. Electronic (From Intake of Batch Fall-2004 upto 2005).
Iqra University, Karachi Campus (Iqra University, Karachi)
B.E. Electronics (Intake Year 2002).
Institute of Industrial Electronics Engineering (PCSIR), Karachi (NED-University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi)
B.E. Industrial Electronics (Upto Intake Year 2002).
Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro
B.E. Civil.
B.E. Electrical.
B.E. Mechanical.
B.E. Electronics.
B.E. Industrial.
B.E. Pet-gas.
B.E. Computer System.
B.E. Chemical.
B.E. Metallurgical.
B.E. Mining.
B.E. Textile (Awarded to persons admitted in 1994 and after, subject to review after one year i.e. in 2003).
B.E. Telecommunication (From Intake of Batch 2001 to 2005).
B.E. Software (From Intake of Batch 2002 upto 2003).
B.E. Bio-Medical (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004 only).
National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences, Islamabad (Karachi Campus)
Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Engineering (Computer, and Telecommunication) - From Intake of Batch Fall-2003 upto Fall-2004.
NED University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi
B.E. Electronic (From Intake of Batch 1998-99 upto 2006-07).
B.E. Electrical (Upto Intake of Batch 2006-07).
B.E. Petroleum (Intake of Batch 2005-06 only).
B.E. Urban (Intake of Batches 2001-02 upto 2003-04).
B.E. Telecommunication (Intake of Batch 2004-05 only).
B.E. (Civil, and Mechanical).
B.E. Computer Systems (Upto Intake of Batch 1998-99).
B.E. Computer & Information Systems (From Intake of Batch 1999-2000 to 2004-05).
B.E. Textile (From Intake of Batch 1995-96 to 2005-06).
B.E. Industrial & Manufacturing (From Intake of Batch 1999-2000).
B.E. (Chemical, Metallurgical, Electronics and Industrial)- awarded to persons enrolled with NED UET upto 1995-96 batch for programs offered at Dawood College of Engineering & Technology, Karachi.
Pakistan Navy Engineering College, Karachi Campus (National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad)
B.E. (Mechanical, Electrical) Upto Intake of Batch 2005.
B.E. Electronics (From Intake of Batch 1998 to 2005).
Pakistan Air Force-Karachi Institute of Economics & Technology (PAF-KIET), Karachi
B.E. Electronics (Intake Fall Year 2003 to spring 2004).
Plastics Technology Centre, Karachi (Hamdard University, Karachi)
B.E. Polymer (Intake of Batch 2004 only).
Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nawabshah
B.E. Computer Systems (From Intake of Batch 1997 upto 2004).
B.E. Civil (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
B.E. Electrical (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
B.E. Mechanical (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
Sir Syed University of Engineering & Technology, Karachi
B.S. Engineering (Computer, and Electronic) - Upto Intake of Batch 2004.
B.S. Civil Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
B.S. Bio-Medical Engineering (Upto Intake of Batch 2004).
Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam
B.E. (Agricultural).
Usman Institute of Technology, Karachi (Hamdard University, Karachi)
B.E. Computer Systems (From Intake of Batch 1995 upto 2004).
B.E. Electronic (Industrial) (Intake of Batch 2004-B only).
B.E. Electronic (From Intake of Batch 1995 upto 2004).
B.E. Telecommunication (Intake of Batch 2004 only).
BALOCHISTAN
Balochistan University of Engineering & Technology, Khuzdar
B.E. Civil (Upto Intake of Batch 2003).
B.E. Electrical (Upto Intake of Batch 2003).
B.E. Mechanical (Upto Intake of Batch 2003).
B.E. Computer System (Intake of Batch 2003 only).
Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences, Quetta (Takatoo Campus)
B.Sc. Computer Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004).
B.Sc. Electronic Engineering (From Intake of Batch 2003 upto 2004)

MECHATRONICS INTERNATIONAL

The Mechatronics International continues to grow strongly and will remain focused on continuity and a well established cooperate culture. Our aim is to work with our customers and suppliers to provide them our excellent support to build long lasting business relationship.
We are the member of "Lahore Chamber of Commerce and Industries (LCCI), Pakistan"

Our main working areas are:

1- Brazilian iron ore, HMS 1&2, Used rail, Metal waste, Bauxite
and other Materials.
2- Manganese Ore
3- Urea
4- Cement
5- Coal
6- Sugar
7- New/used Machinery (Electronics/Mechanical)
8- Business development in Pakistan.
9- Software development from Pakistan.
10- Miscellaneous.

WHAT IS A MECHATRONICS

Mechatronics (or Mechanical and Electronics Engineering) is the synergistic combination of mechanical engineering, electronic engineering, controls engineering and computer engineering to create useful products. The purpose of this interdisciplinary engineering field is the study of automata from an engineering perspective and serves the purposes of controlling advanced hybrid systems. The word itself is a combination of 'Mechanics' and 'Electronics'.

Engineering cybernetics deals with the question of control engineering of mechatronic systems. It is used to control or regulate such a system (see control theory). Through collaboration the mechatronic modules perform the production goals and inherit flexible and agile manufacturing properties in the production scheme. Modern production equipment consists of mechatronic modules that are integrated according to a control architecture. The most known architectures involve hierarchy, polyarchy, hetaerachy (often misspelled as heterarchy) and hybrid. The methods for achieving a technical effect are described by control algorithms, which may or may not utilize formal methods in their design. Hybrid-systems important to Mechatronics include production systems, synergy drives, planetary exploration rovers, automotive subsystems such as anti-lock braking systems, spin-assist and every day equipment such as autofocus cameras, video, hard disks, CD-players.

HISTROY:

Mechatronics is centred on mechanics, electronics, control engineering, computing, molecular engineering (from nanochemistry and biology) which, combined, make possible the generation of simpler, more economical, reliable and versatile systems. The portmanteau "Mechatronics" was first coined by Mr. Tetsuro Mori, a senior engineer of the Japanese company Yaskawa, in 1969. Mechatronics may alternatively be referred to as "electromechanical systems" or less often as "control and automation engineering".